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Torture: The enemy Me/Aterium

Author
Stitcher
School of Applied Knowledge
Caldari State
#21 - 2016-05-12 09:06:50 UTC  |  Edited by: Stitcher
3: Establishing a rapport

Enter the interrogator. in a world of grey lonely deprivation, the interrogator is the only source of stimulation the detainee has. Theirs is the only friendly voice he will hear, theirs is the only personality he will interact with. Theirs is the hand that dispenses whatever luxuries the detainee might earn, and theirs is the authority by which those luxuries are revoked again.

The interview room should be comfortable and clean. The interrogator should stand to greet the detainee, call him by name, check that he is okay, thank him for his forbearance. The interrogator, in fact, wants the detainee to like them.

This is naked manipulation of course, and everybody involved knows it, but the fact remains that when totally starved of any other human contact, there isn't a human being alive who won't cave and form some kind of a relationship with their 'gator. We're an inherently social species, and even the morst fiercely individualistic Gallentean or introverted hikikomori will have some kind of social interaction on their daily agenda, even if it's nothing more than checking their social media or reading the comments on a Galnet page. Just reminding themselves that there are real people out there. Humans are social animals, and we NEED some level of contact with others, just as much as we need sunlight for the vitamin D.

While in the 'gator's company, the detainee should be tempted with, and clearly given the opportunity to earn, luxuries such as candy, smokes, a pack of cards, a notepad and pencil and so on. After who-knows-how-many bland meals of boiled vegetables with dry mashed potatoes and tasteless chicken, even a BLT sandwich can seem like a heavenly treat.

How does the detainee earn them? Simple. They co-operate. Co-operation yields rewards. Defiance gets those rewards removed. The mechanic is simple, obvious, and impersonal - Give, and be given. Take, and have taken. No rancor or venom, just an impersonal lab-rat equation.

All detainees are defiant at some point, of course, and immediately lose their earned privileges. That's the difference between a human and a lab rat, and something to be proud of - that we'll fight back against our lab cage.

But we don't win.

4: Extracting the truth

The 'gator is not the only person working on our detainee of course. Behind the scenes are a team of psychologists and intelligence analysts, keeping the gator fed with information and insights. Together they will formulate their strategy, suggest possible tactics or lines of questioning. They will undoubtedly know the detainee better than he knows himself, and will play him like an instrument.

Still, by far the most effective tools the 'gator has for teasing information out of the detainee are hard facts, coupled with implications of what good things will happen if more facts are forthcoming, and what bad things will happen if they are not.

"The sooner you tell us what we want to know, the sooner you can get out of here and go back to your wife and children."
"The information you give us could bring a swift end to this current conflict, saving the lives of millions of your countrymen."
"We're in a position to strike at our mutual enemies, all we need is your piece of the puzzle..."


The source must never be coerced or threatened (this isn't a sentimental rule but a practical one - coercion and threats actually harden the source against the interrogator and make them less forthcoming), but they can have their natural and justifiable fears played on, or maybe assuaged depending on how cooperative they're being. SImilarly, while the detainee must not be humiliated or degraded (again, because doing so fosters resentment and sets back the process rather than advancing it) they can have their ego punctured... or built up.

"You can't be THAT smart. We captured you, after all."
"You must have been very important to your comrades, to be trusted with these secrets..."


The futility of the detainee's situation must be stressed, and it must be made clear that their only avenue toward freedom is cooperation.

Above all else, the FACTS must be used. The impression must be given that the interrogator already knows everything and is just double-checking and confirming. Bluffs can be called - hard, evidence-based data cannot be.


(Next up: I finally explain what torture is for)

AKA Hambone

Author of The Deathworlders

Stitcher
School of Applied Knowledge
Caldari State
#22 - 2016-05-12 09:18:33 UTC  |  Edited by: Stitcher
5: Torture

So what is torture for? As we've established, it's not for extracting information - the boredom, loneliness and emotional manipulation of the interrogator do that job just fine. Which is why most detainees are in fact never tortured: they don't need to be.

So what is torture for?

Well, let's say we have a detainee who's lying to our face. And I don't mean an understandable lie, as might be told by somebody who still thinks he's in control of the situation. I'm not talking about the cover story or "official version" that the detainee will try to stick to at first. Those will normally be punctured by simply presenting the facts, exploring the logic, catching them in that lie.

Very few lies survive when the interrogator reveals that they know it's a lie. The detainee will most likely switch to a different falsehood, but they'll be caught in that one too, eventually. One way or another, they'll finally be backed into a corner where they can lie no more, and MUST tell the truth.

Some detainees, however, will just smile at you and continue to tell what you both know is a lie. This is a final and critical act of defiance. You know it's a lie, they know you know it's a lie, there's no doubt whatsoever, but they still tell that lie because it's a big obscene gesture right in your face.

The role of torture is to get them to stop that.

THE BIG MYTH ABOUT TORTURE IS THAT ITS PURPOSE IS TO INFLICT PAIN.
IT IS NOT.
THE PURPOSE OF TORTURE IS TO INDUCE PANIC


This is why properly done torture does not in fact involve, say, cutting on the detainee, or breaking their fingers, nor punching them or pulling out their teeth. You try those things, and they'll just grin at you, spit blood in your face and keep telling their defiant lie.

If you're mistakenly cutting up somebody who's telling the truth, yes they'll break and blabber whatever they think you want to hear. If you're correctly cutting on somebody who's lying to you, you'll make them want to lie all the harder. Either way, you've not got any closer to the truth and as I said: Intelligence operatives want the truth.

If, on the other hand, you tie your detainee down and tickle them... or let water drip slowly onto their forehead, one drop at a time every five seconds or so for hours and hours on end... or most effective of all, if you cover their mouth and nose with a cloth and pour water on them to simulate drowning...

Eventually they will panic. And panic is fatal to the defiant lie.

You see, pain is an abstract, and the conscious mind is good at overruling abstracts. if you've got a detainee who's telling the defiant naked lie, then they already have all the willpower and nous they need to ride through any pain you might inflict on them and use it to fuel their hatred for you. Every jolt of pain, every injury, every moment you use force, they win and they know it.

Panic, though? Panic is the death of the conscious mind. If you're panicking then you've reverted to an animal state, and animals don't defy. Remember the lab rat? Remember how I said it's admirable of humans that we're conscious enough to fight back?

Get the detainee to panic and you shut down that human factor, at which point that defiant naked lie of theirs will be dropped and dropped fast. When that happens, YOU have won, and their last ditch at resisting you has failed.

At that point, you return them to their cell under the trustworthy guidance of their guards. They will probably be much more compliant with the interrogator from now on.

THAT is what torture is for, and I hope Pilot Parmala you can see that your objections about the data gathered under torture don't actually apply. There is no such thing as data gathered under torture. The data is explicitly gathered through a relationship and rapport with the interrogator, and through a simple system of manipulation, rewards and incentives.

All that torture is is a means of dislodging the detainee when they've dug in and are refusing to move forward with that process. Done properly, it is 100% effective.

6: Any questions?

If anybody wants more information, now is the time to ask.

AKA Hambone

Author of The Deathworlders

Mizhara Del'thul
Kyn'aldrnari
#23 - 2016-05-12 09:35:26 UTC
I think this may be the very first time I've ever seen someone who knows what the hell they're talking about speak up on the subject of torture. Which is surprising, given how many capsuleers on these boards claim to be experts in various intel gathering capacities.

That said, it does gloss over another rather common set of reasons for torture: Sadism, revenge and hate. Once those get involved, the blades, screaming and electrocutions come into play. Enthusiastic amateurs with toys playing interrogators is all too often confused with the real thing, especially when higher ups have "break them" as an objective.
Stitcher
School of Applied Knowledge
Caldari State
#24 - 2016-05-12 09:45:33 UTC
True enough. And goodness knows, there are plenty of people who ought to know better who are ignoring the common-sense good practice I just summarized above. Just look at those detention camps in Black Rise.

AKA Hambone

Author of The Deathworlders

Moonacre Parmala
State War Academy
Caldari State
#25 - 2016-05-12 12:06:02 UTC
Stitcher wrote:
True enough. And goodness knows, there are plenty of people who ought to know better who are ignoring the common-sense good practice I just summarized above. Just look at those detention camps in Black Rise.


The leading comprehensive written illustration of interrogation above and the Black Rise detention camps highlight to me the difference between torture and interrogation.

Ottoms first statement in an obscure and alien (to me) tried to justify the acts of torture. Which as I highlighted do not achieve any substantial information gains.

Interrogation, when used correctly, doesn't need to inflict pain. It doesn't need to because it lets the mind do it's work for it.

There are numerous documented case studies into the effects of interrogation, the "Chinese water torture" of Old earth was able to reduce a willing volunteer to panic within minutes. The test subject, willingly, subjected herself to being bound and placed under a drip to the forehead. Even with their primitive medical cover and specialists on hand, she panic'd and the test was cancelled.

That is the proof of interrogation.

The Black Rise camps were just torture houses specialising in the sadistic and systematic abuse of prisoners for no other reason than the need to show dominance over defenceless victims. The claims that this provided intelligence gathering is merely a ruse and nothing more.

Law Number III: There are no lazy veteran lion hunters.

Law Number VI: A hungry dog hunts best. A hungrier dog hunts even better.

Law Number XXXVIII: The early bird gets the worm. The early worm....gets eaten.

If in doubt , SHOOT !

TomHorn
Horn Brothers Holdings Inc.
#26 - 2016-05-12 14:01:24 UTC
You seem to know alot about this business Stitcher.

Im guessing its something youve looked into, studied , rather than partaken in. If used correctly it is tool to get information, maybe valuable information from the enemy. Ive seen alot of people contradict that statement, say the exact opposite.

Where do you stand on the use of torture Stitcher , are you an advocate for the use of torture. Im guessing maybe you are, in certain circumstances.
Yarosara Ruil
#27 - 2016-05-12 14:11:21 UTC
That's because Mister Stitcher is a Sansha person. It's true!
Stitcher
School of Applied Knowledge
Caldari State
#28 - 2016-05-12 15:33:21 UTC
You know, every time you say that, the people who actually know me are laughing at you.

AKA Hambone

Author of The Deathworlders

Mizhara Del'thul
Kyn'aldrnari
#29 - 2016-05-12 15:54:38 UTC
Your employer being rather enthusiastic about networking and multiple active clones and all that sort of nonsense, along with some of the history of the corporation, I'm afraid you'll be dealing with that for quite some time Verin. Not entirely undeserved either.

Now I doubt you're infected as such, but it's not like I'm not expecting to have my own current employer be a stain on whatever irrelevant and stained reputation I may have.
Deitra Vess
Non-Hostile Target
Wild Geese.
#30 - 2016-05-12 17:06:08 UTC
Mizhara Del'thul wrote:
Your employer being rather enthusiastic about networking and multiple active clones and all that sort of nonsense, along with some of the history of the corporation, I'm afraid you'll be dealing with that for quite some time Verin. Not entirely undeserved either.

Now I doubt you're infected as such, but it's not like I'm not expecting to have my own current employer be a stain on whatever irrelevant and stained reputation I may have.

Just because the obvious choices for what you wish to do may look down on your past employment, there's always other corporations who would look the other way. Your past/current employment may close some doors but there's still plenty of other doors if you don't mind traveling further down the hall way with your eyes open.
Ayallah
Brutor Tribe
Minmatar Republic
#31 - 2016-05-12 17:25:41 UTC  |  Edited by: Ayallah
We should talk again sometime Verin.

"The conscious mind is good at overruling abstracts." is the only half-truth I found in your post. Any resistance is subconscious under torture. You are no longer thinking, the responses of resistance are automatic and made ...before the pain starts in a way.
Remember that torture is force, and subject to all the faults brute force has when applied to any problem. Being tortured will make you turn into a scared and cornered animal.


Torture is not meant for getting information, it is meant to hurt.
Sometimes you hurt someone and don't want information from. Sometimes you hurt someone to make someone else feel the pain.

But you are entirely correct about every point you raised.

Goddess of the IGS

As strength goes.

Arnulf Ogunkoya
Clan Ogunkoya
Electus Matari
#32 - 2016-05-12 17:35:08 UTC
TomHorn wrote:
You seem to know alot about this business Stitcher.

Im guessing its something youve looked into, studied , rather than partaken in. If used correctly it is tool to get information, maybe valuable information from the enemy. Ive seen alot of people contradict that statement, say the exact opposite.

Where do you stand on the use of torture Stitcher , are you an advocate for the use of torture. Im guessing maybe you are, in certain circumstances.


You do know that Stitcher was a law enforcement medic before becoming a capsuleer, right?

I'd be very surprised if he hasn't run medical overwatch on more than one interrogation.

Regards, Arnulf Ogunkoya.

Sinjin Mokk
Ministry of War
Amarr Empire
#33 - 2016-05-12 17:41:09 UTC  |  Edited by: Sinjin Mokk
Stitcher wrote:

6: Any questions?

If anybody wants more information, now is the time to ask.



I found your dissertation to be highly accurate in presenting the subject, explaining the process and outlining the reasons for the use of torture. Well done and thank you!

My question is, why is torture still used as a means of extracting information?

The process you outline is time-consuming. It involves a dedicated staff of highly-trained individuals. And at the end of the day, it doesn't always produce the best outcomes.

Yes, drugs can be used to assist the process. But they can also lead to false-positive outcomes in some circumstances.

It's well-known that I'm an advocate of the use of TCMCs. As a Slaver and Pilot for the Royal Khanid Navy and as an Archangel, I've had many circumstances where I needed to get accurate intel rapidly to achieve an important outcome. TCMCs have done the job every time I've utilized them.

A much smaller staff, sometimes with little more equipment than a ship's medbay, can implant the client with a TCMC. The Interviewer can then adjust the settings to create an atmosphere where the Client is more than happy to provide the Interviewer with the needed intel. You would not even have to use the TCMC to provide the aforementioned state of panic. Instead, you can program the TCMC to provide a happy, nurturing and familiar environment, where the Client sees the Interviewer as a close ally, lover or trusted family member.

(You could also then return the subject, properly-programmed, to their point of origin as an agent, but that's another matter entirely.)

Yes, TCMCs are are expensive to make and can be cost-prohibitive to some, but why use an outmoded and often inaccurate method of information extraction, when with the proper use of technology, you can achieve faster and more accurate outcomes?

Thank you again for your brilliant presentation of the subject, I look forward to your reply.

"Angels live, they never die, Apart from us, behind the sky. They're fading souls who've turned to ice, So ashen white in paradise."

Yarosara Ruil
#34 - 2016-05-12 18:24:16 UTC
Stitcher wrote:
You know, every time you say that, the people who actually know me are laughing at you.


Since they are all Sansha sleeper agents, those could very well be evil laughs!

You fiends!
Morgan Wulver
SAYR Reserve Guard
SAYR Galactic
#35 - 2016-05-12 19:49:03 UTC
I'm actually pleasantly surprised by how thorough Stitcher's write up on methods of interrogation was. Normally whenever anyone offers to run their mouth for an extended period of time on the topic I get ready to hear some long drawn dribble out that's neither realistic nor effective. I found your summation of standard military interrogation procedures to be rather interesting and seemingly accurate.

One issue I had however is that your experience seems somewhat more academic than applied. I'm not saying that anything you said is incorrect, not hardly, but the system you described implies that whatever force is interrogating a subject (I'll ignore the part that torture isn't solely for interrogation alone, it can just as easily be used to send a message or force others into action among other applications) has access to the logistics necessary to house, clothe, feed, and study the subject for an extended period of time. Worse yet, under the circumstances you propose it could take months to years to erode someone until they provide you the information you seek. By that point, any standard HUMINT you acquire may be out of date or inaccurate.

I don't doubt that the system you outlined is the most effective method by which a military that holds themselves to certain moral standards ought to operate. On the other side of the law though, particularly among paramilitaries that can ill afford the time and effort to do things through "official" channels the reality is often far different. The process needs to be rushed, sometimes in the field or theater of combat. Even then, as I'm sure you can imagine, that process spawns just as many if not more problems than doing things the proper way. No matter how you slice it, torture and interrogation is probably the most dysfunctional ongoing relationship in the cluster and each will always have a negative impact on the other.

Which, again, brings me to the most pertinent point; torture can be an effective tool, but using it to gather information is like using a sledge hammer to drive in a screw.

Kirjuun! Uakan! Teknikiara! Kanpai kameitsamuu! Ra ra ra!

Arnulf Ogunkoya
Clan Ogunkoya
Electus Matari
#36 - 2016-05-12 20:13:32 UTC  |  Edited by: Arnulf Ogunkoya
As I understand it the interrogation techniques described above tend to show results over a period of days or weeks. I believe proper use of drugs in the food to confuse the body clock can accelerate the process. Sensory deprivation can be used to good effect as well. That's purely from memory though and I haven't checked the figures.

This is why any properly run insurgency, terrorist or spy operation limits the information a person has to what they need to know and no more. The assumption is that once you are caught, you will talk. It's just a matter of time. Indeed I believe it has been known to arrange attacks on the interrogation facility with the intent of killing the captive before they crack.

Captain Mokk's suggestion of TCMC usage probably has merit if the controlling agency is ruthless enough. I suspect the costs make it uneconomical except where a person is known to possess critical information.

Regards, Arnulf Ogunkoya.

Stitcher
School of Applied Knowledge
Caldari State
#37 - 2016-05-12 20:50:16 UTC  |  Edited by: Stitcher
Morgan Wulver wrote:
IWorse yet, under the circumstances you propose it could take months to years to erode someone until they provide you the information you see


Weeks, typically. Often less than two. Sometimes a matter of days, and of course some sources are smart enough to sit down at the first interview and save everybody the hassle by spilling everything straight away. for an interrogation to take months plural or a whole year would be unheard-of.

Of course, it depends on how heavily indoctrinated and loyal the source is, but remember: sources aren't interrogated in a complete vacuum. They're isolated from one another, yes, but the 'gators and their teams know everything that's been gleaned from the other sources

building up a jigsaw puzzle of intelligence like that has two consequences: first you can draw your conclusions more rapidly as several pieces fall into place at once, and second you can trap your sources in lies and contradictions more often, speeding the process along.

You'd be amazed at how quick it can go in the right circumstances.

I'm not going to comment on the use of drugs and TCMCs, nor on the extent of my personal experience in this matter.

TomHorn wrote:
Where do you stand on the use of torture Stitcher , are you an advocate for the use of torture. Im guessing maybe you are, in certain circumstances.


I wouldn't say I advocate torture, no. Certainly not of the kind some people here have suggested which involve "sending a message" or something like that. As I say, inflicting actual harm and degradation on your detainees is far-more-often-than-not detrimental to your intelligence-gathering efforts rather than constructive.

Shall we call the panic-inducing techniques I outlined above "enhanced interrogation" instead? While I certainly wouldn't want to be on the receiving end, I completely understand their rationale and accept that they are sometimes a practical necessity.

AKA Hambone

Author of The Deathworlders

Mizhara Del'thul
Kyn'aldrnari
#38 - 2016-05-12 22:32:53 UTC
Mh. I am not in favor of pretending it is something it isn't. Torture is torture, whether it's meant to induce panic or simply pain for some other reason.
Arnulf Ogunkoya
Clan Ogunkoya
Electus Matari
#39 - 2016-05-12 23:03:17 UTC
Mizhara Del'thul wrote:
Mh. I am not in favor of pretending it is something it isn't. Torture is torture, whether it's meant to induce panic or simply pain for some other reason.


True. And if it becomes known that a group uses torture it is a powerful propaganda tool against them. Also an incentive not to surrender to them, and to damage them by any and all means possible. Moral considerations aside this is why tearing up the rules of war is a very bad idea.

Come to that, even an "un-enhanced" interrogation will leave a subject wracked by guilt over betraying the trust put in them. But at the end of the day the people doing the interrogating aren't particularly concerned with the subject's well-being.

Regards, Arnulf Ogunkoya.

Stitcher
School of Applied Knowledge
Caldari State
#40 - 2016-05-12 23:24:48 UTC
You're forgetting the need to win hearts and minds. Ideally, the source should be released in as good if not better condition than they arrived - better fed, fitter, maybe even a little wealthier.

Militaries with an enlightened self-interestt will cultivate a reputation for nott needlessly torturing detainees. Far better to be known for treating your beaten foes fairly and well - that way they actually surrender to you, and everyone does is a potential source of intelligence.

AKA Hambone

Author of The Deathworlders

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